Why are my Gums Bleeding?
For patients with gums that bleed easily, it may be caused by something simple such as an incorrect brushing technique. However, it could be a sign of an issue which requires medical intervention. Below are some of the common causes for bleeding gums:
- Firm toothbrush or aggressive brushing
- Flossing regularly for the first time
- Some medications such as blood thinners
- Hormonal changes such as pregnancy which causes inflamed gums
- Ill-fitting dentures
Diabetes
Swollen, bleeding gums can be also be a symptom associated with diabetes. This disease negatively impacts the mouth’s ability to fight off germs and makes patients more susceptible to infections and gum disease. In addition, the high blood sugar levels associated with diabetes make it more difficult for the body to heal.
Leukemia
Another disease associated with bleeding gums is leukemia, which is a form of blood cancer. Platelets in the blood aids the body in stopping bleeding. Patients who have leukemia have a low platelet count, making it challenging to stop bleeding.
Thrombocytopenia
Patients who experience bleeding gums when performing routine activities such as brushing the teeth which does not stop on its own, may have irritated gums or could also potentially have thrombocytopenia. This condition results in the body failing to have enough platelets to form a blood clot. This often results in bleeding across various parts of the body, which may include the gums.
Gingivitis
One of the most common causes of bleeding gums is gingivitis, which can also cause inflammation. Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease and is caused by the buildup of plaque at the gumline. Gingivitis results in irritated gums which can be red, swollen, and bleed easily. Gum disease can often be prevented with good oral hygiene practices. This includes twice daily brushing, daily flossing, use of an antibacterial mouthwash, and regular visits to the dentist for an exam and professional cleaning.
Periodontitis
When gingivitis remains untreated, it can lead to the more serious form of gum disease called periodontitis. This condition can damage the tissue and bone which support the teeth. Periodontitis can also cause the gums to become inflamed, infected, and pull away from the tooth’s roots. Gums which easily bleed is often an early sign of periodontal disease. Patients may find that their teeth become loose, separate, or even fall out. It can also cause bad breath, a foul taste in the mouth, a change in the bite, and gums which are red, swollen, or tender.
Vitamin C Deficiency
Vitamin C aids the ability for tissue to repair and grow. It works by healing wounds and strengthening the bones and teeth. When the body does not have sufficient vitamin C levels, it can result in irritability and weakness. This can also cause gums which are swollen or bleed.
Vitamin K Deficiency
Bleeding of the gums can also indicate a patient has low levels of vitamin K. This vitamin also aids in proper clotting of the blood. In addition, it is good for healthy bones. Patients who are have a vitamin K deficiency through their diet or fail to properly absorb the vitamin, may also experience issues with bleeding.