What Are Dental Sealants?

Generally placed on the chewing (occlusal) surface of a patient’s permanent back teeth (molars and premolars), dental sealants are plastic coatings that help protect the teeth from decay.  While the molars and premolars have deep grooves, or fissures, that are difficult to clean through brushing and flossing alone, dental sealants can be used to protect any teeth that have grooves or pits.  Because these fissures can be deep and difficult to reach, they are prone to plaque accumulation which can erode the enamel and cause cavities to develop from the acidic bacteria found in the plaque.  Though fluoride can be used to protect all of the surfaces of the teeth and prevent decay, dental sealants serve as an added layer of protection for the grooved or pitted areas by creating a smooth surface over the fissures.

Dental sealants are usually placed on the chewing surface of the first permanent molar, which grows in behind the baby teeth, once the tooth’s chewing surface has completely erupted beyond the gum line.  Molars and premolars, unlike wisdom teeth that come much later in life, continue to erupt until eleven to thirteen years of age at which time the chewing surfaces can be protected with the dental sealant.  While less frequent, dental sealants can be placed in adults that do not already have fillings or existing dental sealants.

The procedure for placing dental sealants begins with a dentist or hygienist performing a thorough cleaning of the tooth surface with a brush and paste.  The tooth is then washed with water and dried after which an acidic solution is placed on the fissured area of the chewing surface before being rinsed off.  The acidic solution creates a rougher surface than the surrounding tooth enamel and helps the dental sealant adhere to the tooth.  After the tooth has been prepped, the liquid dental sealant is put on the tooth surface and hardened with a self-curing light for about 30 seconds.  Depending on the sealant used, dental sealants can be clear, white, or have a slight tint.  Once cured, the dentist or hygienist will evaluate the dental sealant and verify its occlusion, or contact, between teeth.  The procedure is typically painless and does not require numbing agents or drilling.

Dental sealants have been used and shown to be effective since the 1970’s as a means of helping to prevent decay on the chewing surfaces of the teeth.  While dental sealants can last many years, it is possible to have a new dental sealant placed on the tooth if necessary.  Despite providing an added layer of protection, sealants alone will not prevent gum disease from tartar buildup near the gum line.  Therefore, ensuring that you thoroughly floss and brush your teeth daily with a soft bristled toothbrush, not only aids in overall oral hygiene but can help maximize the life of the dental sealant.  Patients should continue to use fluoride to protect all tooth surfaces as well as have routine oral exams and cleanings performed by their dentist.

Info on Dental Sealants : Dental Sealants for Adults